Ecclesia atomizada: Kritik teologi komunitarian terhadap individualisme soteriologis dalam praktik bergereja kontemporer di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30995/kur.v11i2.1479Keywords:
communitarian theology; ecclesia atomizada; ecclesiology; Indonesian church; koinonia; perichoresis; soteriological; Trinitarian theology; eklesiologi; gereja Indonesia; individualisme; kritik komunitarian; perikoresis; soteriologis; teologi komunitarian; teologi TrinitarianAbstract
Contemporary Indonesian church practices present a fundamental theological paradox: amid confessing faith in the inherently communal Triune God, congregational spirituality becomes increasingly privatized. This research presents a systematic theological critique of soteriological individualism, offering a communitarian ecclesiological reconstruction grounded in Trinitarian theology. Using a critical hermeneutic methodology with triangulation between textual analysis, ethnographic observation, and constructive theological reflection, this study traces the genealogy of individualism and its impact on sacramental understanding and the church's mission. Findings reveal that the uncritical adoption of Western modernity has reduced the church from a community of saints to a spiritual consumer aggregation, obscuring the corporate dimension of salvation. By synthesizing communitarian critique from Hauerwas, MacIntyre, and Volf with Indonesian local wisdom, this research proposes restoring communal formation practices rooted in Trinitarian perichoresis concepts. Without paradigmatic reconstruction from individualism to communitarianism, Indonesian churches will lose their prophetic relevance in an increasingly fragmented society.
Abstrak
Fenomena individualisme dalam praktik bergereja kontemporer Indonesia menampilkan paradoks teologis fundamental: di tengah pengakuan iman akan Allah Tritunggal yang esensial komunal, spiritualitas jemaat semakin terprivatisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkonstruksi kritik teologis terhadap individualisme soteriologis sekaligus menawarkan rekonstruksi eklesiologi komunitarian berdasarkan teologi Trinitarian. Menggunakan metodologi hermeneutika kritis dengan triangulasi analisis tekstual, observasi etnografis, dan refleksi teologis konstruktif, penelitian menelusuri genealogi individualisme hingga dampaknya terhadap sakramen dan misi gereja. Temuan menunjukkan adopsi tanpa kritis terhadap modernitas Barat telah mereduksi gereja dari communio sanctorum menjadi agregasi konsumen spiritual, mengaburkan dimensi korporat keselamatan. Dengan mensintesiskan kritik komunitarian dari Hauerwas, MacIntyre, dan Volf dengan wisdom lokal Indonesia, penelitian mengusulkan pemulihan praktik pembentukan komunal yang berakar pada konsep perichoresis Trinitarian. Tanpa rekonstruksi paradigmatik dari individualisme ke komunitarian, gereja Indonesia akan kehilangan relevansi profetiknya.
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