Kejahatan dan penderitaan: Studi psiko-teologis berdasarkan konsep kejahatan John Culp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30995/kur.v10i1.892Keywords:
evil, John Culp, psycho-theological, reciprocal, suffering, kejahatan, penderitaan, psiko-teologis, resiprokalAbstract
Evil and suffering are phenomena often central to the studies of theology and psychology, particularly given the high prevalence of these aspects across various world regions, including Indonesia. This research aims to integrate insights from theology and psychology through John Culp's reciprocal approach to addressing and understanding evil and suffering to support the recovery and growth of individuals experiencing trauma. The research method employed is qualitative, involving the analysis of the concept of reciprocity in theology according to John Culp and psychological research on evil and suffering, which are then integrated into the Psycho-theological Reciprocal model. The findings indicate that this integrative approach enriches the understanding and response to evil and suffering, offering a holistic and practical framework for supporting individual recovery, which considers not only theological and psychological aspects but also social and spiritual ones, enabling sustainable and transformative growth for affected individuals.
Â
Abstrak
Kejahatan dan penderitaan merupakan fenomena yang sering menjadi fokus dalam studi teologi dan psikologi, terutama mengingat prevalensi tinggi kedua aspek ini di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengintegrasikan wawasan dari teologi dan psikologi melalui pendekatan resiprokal ala John Culp dalam menangani dan memahami kejahatan dan penderitaan, dengan tujuan mendukung pemulihan dan pertumbuhan individu yang mengalami trauma. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, melibatkan analisis konsep resiprokalitas dalam teologi menurut John Culp dan penelitian psikologis tentang kejahatan dan penderitaan, yang kemudian diintegrasikan dalam model psiko-teologi Resiprokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan integratif ini memperkaya pemahaman dan respons terhadap kejahatan dan penderitaan, menawarkan kerangka kerja yang holistik dan efektif dalam mendukung pemulihan individu, yang tidak hanya memperhatikan aspek teologis dan psikologis, tetapi juga sosial dan spiritual, memungkinkan pertumbuhan yang berkelanjutan dan transformatif bagi individu yang terdampak.
Â
Â
References
Adams, M. Horrendous Evils and the Goodness of God. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999.
Adon, Mathias. “Asal-Usul Kejahatan Dan Penderitaan Menurut Kitab Kejadian 3:1-24 Dan Usaha Manusia Melawan Dosa.†Danum Pambelum: Jurnal Teologi Dan Musik Gereja 2, no. 2 (2022): 112–25. https://doi.org/10.54170/dp.v2i2.98.
Badan Pusat Statistik. “Statistik Kriminal 2023.†Badan Pusat Statistik, 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2023/12/12/5edba2b0fe5429a0f232c736/statistik-kriminal-2023.html.
Culp, John. “Introduction for the Topical Issue ‘Issues and Approaches in Contemporary Theological Thinking about Evil.’†Open Theology 6, no. 1 (2020): 661–64. https://doi.org/10.1515/opth-2020-0139.
———. “Overcoming the Limits of Theodicy: An Interactive Reciprocal Response to Evil.†International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 78, no. 3 (2015): 263–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11153-015-9525-2.
Hasiholan, Anggi Maringan, Asigor P Sitanggang, and Petrus A. Usmanij. “The Theology of Community Survival: A Study of Migration Theology, Pentecostalism, and West Kalimantan Gawai Culture.†Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan 21, no. 2 (2023): 383–410. https://doi.org/10.31291/jlka.v21i2.1126.
Hasker, William. “D. Z. Phillips’ Problems with Evil and with God,†2013.
Hastjarjo, Dicky. “Mengenal Sepintas Psikologi Evolusioner.†Buletin Psikologi 11, no. 2 (2003): 83–94.
Hortensius, Ruud, and Beatrice de Gelder. “From Empathy to Apathy: The Bystander Effect Revisited.†Current Directions in Psychological Science 27, no. 4 (2018): 249–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417749653.
Kimberley, Teresa Jacobson, and Scott M. Lewis. “Understanding Neuroimaging.†Physical Therapy 87, no. 6 (2007): 670–83. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20060149.
Leorince, Leorince. “Group Counseling with Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Approach to Improve Students’ Literacy and Paraphrasing Ability.†Bisma The Journal of Counseling 6, no. 2 (2022): 258–64. https://doi.org/10.23887/bisma.v6i2.52486.
Meister, Chad. Introducing Philosophy of Religion. Abingdon: Routledge, 2009.
Pamungkas, Paulus Glorie. “Kejahatan Dan Penderitaan: Tinjauan Filosofis Dan Teologis Paulus.†Caritas pro Serviam 32, no. 32 (2016): 126–28.
Phillips, Dewi Zephaniah. The Problem of Evil & the Problem of God. Augsburg: Augsburg Fortress Publishers, 2005.
Plantinga, Alvin. God, Freedom, and Evil. Eerdsmans: Eerdmans Publishing, 1989.
Setyobekti, Andreas Budi. Pondasi Iman. Jakarta: Bethel Press, 2017.
Sunedi Sarmadi. Psikologi Positif. Yogyakarta: Titah Surga, 2018.
Surin, K. Theology and the Problem of Evil. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986.
Tilley, Terrence W. The Evils of Theodicy. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock, 2000.
Trakakis, Nick. Theodicy: The Solution to the Problem of Evil, or Part of the Problem? Sophia. Vol. 47, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-008-0063-6.
Ulum, Miftahul, and Dwi Wulandari Ratna. “Factors Affecting Obedience in Nursing Documentation Based on Milgram’s Theory.†Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan 1, no. 1 (2014): 252–62. http://www.eskom.co.za/CustomerCare/TariffsAndCharges/Documents/RSA Distribution Tariff Code Vers 6.pdf%0Ahttp://www.nersa.org.za/.
Yuliandari, Elly. Psikologi Klinis. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2018.
